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探索PFAS 在美国、中国和欧洲的监管历程
explore the regulatory journey of PFAS in USA, China, and Europe
项目使命
项目使命
Mission of the project
Mission of the project
"Emerging contaminant" "新污染物"污染是目前水污染的主要问题之一。
随着工业的不断发展，人类社会层出不穷的制造和使用很多新的化合物，而科学发展对这些新物质造成的人体健康影响的理解远赶不上工业制造的速度，环境规制更是落在其后。过去是汞和PCB，今天是PFAS，明天还会出现其他。在还没来得及彻底地知道这些新化合物对人体健康造成影响的时候，这些化合物已经源源不断地进入我们的水体，土壤，空气，然后进入我们的身体。环境污染受害者多数是社会上的弱势群体，或者是天生体质弱的人群。PFAS 是最近很受关注和争议的“新污染物” 。虽然美国已经停止生产几类PFAS化合物，但其他国家 （包括中国） 依然在生产并广泛使用于各类生活物品，美国也依然进口使用该化合物的产品。如何有效合理的规制，其间存在很多现实问题。
此项目的任务是研究、跟踪和分析 PFAS 作为一种新兴污染物在美国、中国和欧洲的监管历程。
"Emerging contaminant" pollution is one of the major problems in water pollution. With the continuous development of industry, human society is constantly manufacturing and using many new compounds. However, scientific development’s understanding of the impact of these new substances on human health is far behind the speed of industrial manufacturing, and environmental regulation lags behind. In the past it was mercury and PCBs, today it’s PFAS, and tomorrow there will be others. Before there is time to fully understand the impact of these new compounds on human health, these compounds have been continuously entering our water bodies, soil, air, and then entering our bodies. Most of the victims of environmental pollution are disadvantaged groups in society or people with naturally weak constitutions. PFAS is a “new pollutant” that has attracted much attention and controversy recently. Although the United States has stopped producing several types of PFAS compounds, other countries (including China) are still producing and widely using them in various daily items, and the United States still imports products using these compounds. How to implement effective and reasonable regulation involves many practical problems.
The mission of this project is to explore, follow up, and analyze the regulatory journey of PFAS in the USA, China, and Europe as an emerging contaminant.
电影《黑水》讲述了律师罗布·比洛特 (Rob Bilott) 的真实故事，他是一名律师，在发现化学巨头杜邦公司 (DuPont) 排放含有有害化学物质 PFOA 污染饮用水后，与该公司展开对抗。(PFOA是PFAS化合物系列的一种种）
The film 'Dark Waters' tells the real-life story of Rob Bilott, the lawyer who took on chemical giant DuPont after discovering that the company was polluting drinking water with the harmful chemical PFOA. (PFOA is part of PFAS.)
2019 年 5 月 30 日，威斯康星州莱茵兰德市因为PFAS检测数据超标关闭两口供水水井。2022年通过联邦拨款法案获得160 万美元用于建造新井或为两口被关闭的井提供处理方案。
On May 30, 2019, the city of Rhinelander, Wisconsin, shut down two water supply wells due to excessive PFAS test data. In 2022, the city received $1.6 million through the federal appropriations bill to build new wells or provide treatment solutions for the two shut-down wells.
2021年威斯康星州Peshtigo 居民就 PFAS 污染问题与 Tyco 达成 1,750 万美元集体诉讼和解。
In 2021, Peshtigo, WI Residents Reach $17.5M Class Action Settlement With Tyco Over PFAS Contamination.
了解中国的 PFAS 污染状况以及中国的监管措施及其对全球健康的影响
Discover PFAS pollution facts in China and China's regulatory approach to address it and its impact on global health
PFAS对人类的影响是不可否认的，但瑞典关于PFAS对健康影响的科学研究表明，目前科学和医学对这方面的认识和发展仍然有限。
The impact of PFAS on humans is undeniable, but Swedish scientific research on the impact of PFAS on health shows that the current scientific and medical understanding and development of this aspect are still limited.
Biden政府的Fact Sheets。 EPA的2021-2024年PFAS 战略路线图。
Biden Administration Fact Sheets. EPA’s 2021-2024 PFAS Strategic Roadmap.
美国联邦环境署(EPA)2021年10月EPA启动了国家PFAS测试策略，要求 PFAS 制造商提供有关 PFAS 化学品类别的毒性数据和信息，以便为未来的监管工作提供信息。
In October 2021, the U.S. federal Environmental Agency (EPA) launched a national PFAS testing strategy requiring PFAS manufacturers to provide toxicity data and information about PFAS chemical categories to prepare for future testing. Provide information for regulatory work.
基于现有的科技水平，从城市废水处理厂去除PFAS，需要多大花费？明尼苏达州环保部今年六月公布的一项研究结论是“unaffordable”（负担不起）。
Based on the current state of the art, how much would it cost to remove PFAS from municipal wastewater treatment plants? A study released by the Minnesota Department of Environmental Protection in June concluded it was "unaffordable."
美国缅因州是世界上第一个禁止销售含有PFAS的产品的政府。
The US state of Maine is the first government in the world to ban the sale of products containing any chemical in PFAS.
美国目前至少有 475 个工业设施可能向环境中排放 PFAS，以及美国的 PFAS 污染地点（2023 年 8 月 17 日）。
There are currently at least 475 industrial facilities in the United States that may release PFAS into the environment. PFAS contamination sites in the United States (August 17, 2023).
目前美国PFAS的检测费用昂贵，PFAS分析面临很多挑战
Currently, PFAS testing in the United States is expensive, and PFAS analysis faces many challenges.
2022 年的一份报告发现，近四分之三标有防水或防污渍的服装产品PFAS检测结果呈阳性。2019 年发表的一项研究显示使用 Oral-B Glide 牙线和其他品牌牙线的女性血液中PFAS的含量高于未使用牙线的女性 。但是。 。 。
A 2022 report found that nearly three-quarters of clothing products labeled as waterproof or stain-resistant tested positive for PFAS. A study published in 2019 showed that women who used Oral-B Glide floss and other brands of dental floss had higher levels of PFAS, in their blood than women who did not floss. But. . .
2024年4月19日，美国联邦环保署根据《综合环境反应、赔偿和责任法》（CERCLA）发布 PFAS 执法自由裁量权与和解政策备忘录。
On April 19, 2024, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency issued a memorandum on PFAS enforcement discretion and settlement policy under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA).
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